yy1018,南昌有哪些好恰的日料店
yy1018,南昌有哪些好恰的日料店?
在南昌,吃日料有三种level,美食君将这三种级别的日料店做了统一收录,吃货们可将其“一网吃尽”啦~
平价寿司料理(人均30+)
食材新鲜,日常工作聚餐是不错的选择。手握之类是居家旅行必备之选~
料理店(人均100+)
食材良选、品种齐全、服务完善,有各式各样的料理提供。
传说级别的存在(人均200+)
高大上日本宴席料理,像法餐一样一道道呈上,人均也颇为高大上!
日料·平价寿司料理【红上玉回转寿司 人均70】
【推荐理由】
@笨笨小璇子:@红家庭日本料理 西湖店现已搬到中山路华润万家了,以旋转寿司为主打,此外还是秉承老店的特色,各种刺身,料理,炸物应有尽有
@小兔牙Emma:三文鱼全鱼宴,完全新鲜,没有吃生肉的感觉,只是软软的,没有腥味,吃起来还蛮特别呢!关键各个部位味道还不同哦,也能做不同的菜,哈哈,鱼头汤喝完啦,木有照片啦!!
【推荐美食】
天妇罗,三文鱼头,三文鱼刺身
【美食地址】
1.恒茂梦时代广场3楼;2.中山路华润万家商场1层
【竹亭寿司 人均70】
【推荐理由】
@笨笨小璇子:2015年的新年第一聚~竹亭回转寿司新店~几个招牌比较独特~比绿地某家好吃多了~
@孤高的美食家:红谷滩万达广场三楼,竹亭,老牌新店,贫僧的羊年第一趴就他家了。既然是回转店,那寿司便是主打,新派卷的虾、鳗鱼、芒果三文鱼各种搭配都值得一试,特别鳗鱼能做到完全不腥的,真心难得,推荐。此外,在这个三月飘雪的无节操季节里,牛肉乌冬面火锅自然也是要的,若是再嘬一上小口清酒,就更暖了。
【推荐美食】
乌冬面火锅,鳗鱼,芒果三文鱼
【美食地址】
红谷滩万达广场三楼
【大禾寿司 人均70】
【推荐理由】
@SFC_贝贵人:感谢@W_Teppanyaki @大禾寿司南昌店 的款待,不愧是我经常光顾的店,赠送的套餐都能如此实打实,两个人根本吃不完,跟某些实际赠送分量少得可怜形成天壤之别,许师傅是个大帅哥,不好意思拍照了都,要看帅哥还想吃美食的去大禾,一定不会错
@悟空吾空-:好喜欢黄金富贵蟹,有好多蟹膏,煎土豆也是我最爱的,洒上满满的孜然,那叫一个香!@大禾寿司南昌店 寿司、生鱼片特别特别新鲜!现在升级以后吃铁板烧的时侯同时又能享受日料的美味!绝对满足吃货~
【推荐美食】
鳗鱼寿司,三文鱼锅,大满足三文鱼
【美食地址】
西湖区中山路320号动壹美食基地五楼(百盛对面)
【万岁寿司料理 人均70】
【推荐理由】
@追夢的肉肉醬吖:#深夜发吃报复社会#恒茂梦时代“万岁寿司”,一家中国人做的寿司店!寿司推荐:深海三文鱼,肉质新鲜!三色井,螺肉、小章鱼小墨鱼仔,喜欢吃生海鲜的,应该会喜欢!寿司拼盘,北极贝也很好吃!不推荐主食,味道一般。
【推荐美食】
深海三文鱼,拌墨鱼仔,三色团子,鳗鱼寿司
【美食地址】
北京东路梦时代商业广场四号楼216铺
【舞麦寿司 人均50】
【推荐理由】
@玉芝女魔头头头:红谷滩金街舞麦寿司味道超级正宗,好吃,大爱舞麦海老,芝士焗雪蟹宝,地狱乌冬面,吞拿鱼,都是招牌菜棒棒哒,两个人差不多100多点,还赠送果盘,环境服务不错。值得一吃~
@写童话的艾维:万达@舞麦寿司 味道不错哦!喜欢吞拿寿司,还有天妇罗寿司。
【推荐美食】
芝士焗雪蟹宝,地狱乌冬面,吞拿鱼
【美食地址】
红谷滩万达广场金街1-1028
日料·料理店【英雄有料 人均100】
【推荐理由】
@Ivy_su_苏爷一介疯癫君:跟男票在万达金街二楼发现一家挺时尚的日料店:英雄有料。日本料理店一般都是和风的装修,可是它是现代风和日式的结合,菜式也都很新颖特别,每一道餐品的名字都很有新意(但是我忘了),喜欢这种有特色有个性的餐厅。三文鱼芒果卷很好吃,寿司球so cute,味道也很赞,其它一般。
@Morning_朱阿抽:推荐一家日料店,万达金街星巴克旁二楼「英雄有料」。食材绝对新鲜,价格不贵,推荐店内全部寿司以及火炙握寿司、天麸罗大虾、刺身拼盘、虾仁炒饭等。特别适合朋友聚会,家庭聚餐,喜爱日料的伙伴们不妨前去一试。
【推荐美食】
炙握寿司、天麸罗大虾、刺身拼盘、火炙大崎蟹柳、刺身拼盘、两刻蒸蛋
【美食地址】
红谷滩万达广场①号门金街2068
【仓桥家日式料理 人均100】
【推荐理由】
@_陳心怡:#美食日記#真的,日料除了倉橋家,其他的真的沒有太多值得留念的推薦!!!特別是大明蝦,一個人兩份真的不會很多,太讚了!最後來個抹茶布丁簡直就是完美~
【推荐美食】
吞拿鱼沙律寿司,北极贝刺身,扇贝刺身,樱花卷,芝士焗番薯,芝士焗大明虾,脆脆沙律卷
【美食地址】
1.红谷滩万达广场3楼;2.解放西路81号凯德广场4楼;3.青山路
【红家庭日本料理 人均100+】
【推荐理由】
@T按时颠倒是非1018:鹅肝口感不错,完全木有腻的赶脚。三文鱼刺身的厚度也是我喜欢滴。芝士寿司貌似深受大家好评,不过我觉得很多小店也做得出这个口味。所以重头戏还是铁板烧,银鳕鱼千万不要错过,我喜欢~
【推荐美食】
三文鱼刺身,天妇罗,地狱拉面,烤银鳕鱼
【美食地址】
1.红谷滩新区红谷中大道天虹商场四楼;2.民德路466号
【故乡屋 人均100+】
【推荐理由】
@舞園瑠璃:@故乡屋日本料理 你家的料理真是从小学吃到大学……店长姐姐超级温油,食物的味道也绝对是我心目中的南昌第一!!!一直以来的照片这样全部放上来看起来还真壮观……这边有个小愿望是以后的蛋包饭可以做成梭形,求满足
@长发绾君心Queen:尊的瘦不下来了,肉肉你们都长到别人身上去吧,故乡屋我好爱你吖~抵制不了美食的诱惑,讨厌讨厌讨厌~
@万思梦:#万老师吃南昌#各大小餐厅都陆陆续续开业了。好久没吃日料,今天推荐一家老店,故乡屋。小菜螺肉是吃过最好吃的,烤鳗鱼汁多肉嫩值得推,刺身一般,招牌香芒寿司味道很惊喜,真的是口有余香,拉面味道偏淡但是汤底很鲜。价格中上,就餐环境还是不错的。
【推荐美食】
鳗鱼石锅拌饭,烤鳗鱼,招牌香芒寿司
【美食地址】
恒茂华城广场东路138号,红谷滩新区红谷中大道世贸广场5层507A
【红上善铁板烧 人均150】
【推荐理由】
@我叫MM逗:@红上善铁板烧 你们家真的超赞的,不仅环境不错,而且服务更没得说,厨师小哥很健谈呀!吃的好撑,最喜欢鳕鱼,份量足,选择的食材质量很赞;还有天妇罗的造型都很漂亮;三文鱼很厚一片,用料十足;牛肉加黑椒汁口感刚刚好;鹅肝配面包也是绝配!很棒的一次用餐体验!
@凉凉xo:梦时代三楼-红上善,鹅肝鲜嫩多汁,银鳕鱼香嫩可口,牛排搭黑胡椒,还有鱿鱼和三文鱼,都好吃~泡菜炒饭很爽口,寿司好吃到飞起~做铁板烧的师傅也风趣幽默,满分!吃完默默的回台里上班。
【推荐美食】
深海大明虾,金针菇肥牛卷,银鳕鱼
【美食地址】
北京东路恒茂梦时代广场5号楼3楼
【江户前日本料理 人均170】
【推荐理由】
@茶浅浅o0O :终于有一家把日料、铁板烧、自助带到一个崭新高度的酒店,在它面前大千、竹亭都是翔;松临、远东想说爱你不容易。食材鲜滑正味、服务体贴暖心、环境高档大气、价位亲民超值,对于吃货的我,只想说,好吃到没朋友。必须再去
@我叫MM逗:今天的江户前日料,是我目前在南昌吃过最棒的日料了,三文鱼很新鲜,肉也很厚,吃完很满足,感觉一天都不用吃饭了,太撑了!
【推荐美食】
炸虾天妇罗,刺身五拼,三文鱼籽,海胆寿司,日式蒸蛋,亚细亚风烤羊排,烤鳗鱼,柠檬虾仁,刺身拼盘
【美食地址】
沿江北路69号瑞颐大酒店2楼
日料·级别的存在【渔家概念料理 人均200+】
【推荐理由】
@宸姬:应该是南昌数一数二高档的日料了吧,新鲜,美味好吃。一切都是棒棒哒…后面还有好多加单没拍就木有了。@渔家概念料理 食材真的是新鲜。
@小小小小小趴趴:美食带来的幸福感胜过男朋友,南昌最好吃的日料(没有之一)——渔家。
@Jolie-YY:南昌总算开了一家主打刺身的日料店.周六中午吃的『渔家』.冷盘里面推荐清酒鹅肝,清酒牛奶蒸出之后再冷藏,吃起来有冰淇淋的口感,弥补了烤鹅肝和鹅肝酱空口吃多了会腻的缺点.马贝刺身吃起来是脆脆的口感很好.三文鱼金枪鱼牡丹虾放南昌来说不错.铁板烧的肥牛鹅肝卷放了苹果丝和芝士层次丰富。
【推荐美食】
牛油果加州卷,清酒冻鹅肝,肥牛鹅肝卷,焗烤帝王蟹脚,甜虾,海胆刺身
【美食地址】
红谷滩新区禧悦丽尊酒店4楼
【松临日本料理 人均320+】
【推荐理由】
大众点评网友:环境好,地方大,包房还能看外面的江景,可惜要点铁板烧才能进包房。服务挺好住店还有85折优惠,三文鱼厚实细滑有满足感,北极贝也还不错算大只的了,滑蛋鸡饭是大大的一碗,还有荞麦冷面也是量好足,完全不像日料的秀珍风格哈。比前一天的红什么好了不知多少倍,强烈推荐南昌的亲们来这吃曰料。虽然同红比略贵些但物有所值,一分价一分货。
【推荐美食】
生蚝,三文鱼,芦笋,北极贝,牛肉
【美食地址】
沿江中大道278号力高皇冠国际酒店4楼
如何学习音标?
音标是学习英语的第一步,想要学好音标需要认识音标、会读音标,这样以后才能认识单词。在学习音标前,我们要先知道国际音标有48个,元音有20个,辅音有28个,元音又分为单元音和双元音,单元音有12个,双元音有8个。
音标数目
在上表中,我们可以看到音标有48个,现在我们常说的国际音标也是48个。
可以点击下面链接学习音标。
《【48个英语音标示范读音-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK》
元音部分
辅音部分
音标的分类
最实用的分类方式是:元音=长元音+短元音+双元音;辅音=清辅音+浊辅音。
英语一共有48个国际音标,包括20个元音,28个辅音。
20个元音包括5个长元音:/i:/、/ɜ:/、/u:/、/a:/、/ɔ:/;
7个短元音:[i] [ə] [ɔ] [u] [ʌ] [e] [æ];
8个双元音:/eɪ、/aɪ/、/ɔɪ/、/ɪə/、/eə/、/ʊə/、/əʊ/、/aʊ/;
注意:
1、长元音顾名思义就是发的音比较长而饱满;短元音则发的音比较短而急;
2、双元音就是两个单元音拼在一起,成为组合音。双元音发音的特点是前面的单元音发音长,后面的发音比较短。
28个辅音包括:轻辅音/p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /ʃ/ /ts/ /tʃ/ /tr/ /h/
浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ /ʒ/ /dz/ /dʒ/ /dr/ /r/
鼻音 /m/ /n/ /ŋ/
半元音 /j/ /w/
边音 /ǀ/
发音技巧
长元音
点击这个视频学习长元音发音。《【元音音标(长元音)-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/xz9mOz3》
5个长元音/i:/、/ɜ:/、/u:/、/a:/、/ɔ:/发音技巧。
(1)/i:/发音技巧:
发音时舌尖抵下齿,口形扁平。在发音的时候要尽量拉长,就像古人喝醉酒以后吟诗的感觉。
单词举例:bee [biː] n. 蜜蜂;see [siː] v. 看见,参看
(2)/ɜ:/发音技巧:
/ɜ:/是长元音,近似于北京腔的“儿”话音,如“花儿”的“儿”。发好这个音,关键在于卷舌!
单词举例:shirt [ʃə:t] n. 衬衫,男士衬衫;nurse [nə:s] n. 护士,保姆
(3)/u:/发音技巧
发这个音时双唇用力向前突出,有点像拉长了音说“乌”,但要注意,“乌”的口形较扁。
单词举例:moon [mu:n] n. 月球,月亮;room [ruːm] n. 房间,空间
(4)/a:/发音技巧
发音时口张大,双唇稍收圆。发音时可以照着镜子,说“啊”,看看嘴巴张得够不够大,记得要将嘴巴尽量张大。
单词举例:ask [a:sk] v. 问,询问; far [fa:r] adj. 远的
(5)/ɔ:/发音技巧
发这个音时,双唇稍稍收圆,并向前突出,发音接近于汉语“嗷”。这是个长元音,记住:长元音一定要拉长,发出来才好听。
单词举例:door [dɔ:r] n. 门; short [ʃɔ:t] adj. 短的
短元音
点击这个视频学习短元音发音。《【【英语音标7个短元音/ʌ/ /ɒ/ /ə/ /ɪ/ /ʊ/ /e/ /æ/怎么读?】-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/fo9Bd5E》
7个短元音:/i/、/ə/、 /ɔ/、/u/、/ʌ/、/e/、/æ/
(1)/i/发音技巧
它是个短元音,发音要短促而轻快。
单词举例:big [bɪɡ] adj. 大的,庞大的;Fit [fit] v. 合身,适合于
(2)/ə/发音技巧
发音时舌身平放,双唇扁平。发这个音时不用卷舌。
单词举例:teacher [ˈtiːtʃə] n. 老师,教师; mother [ˈmʌðə] n. 母亲
(3)/ɔ/ 发音技巧
这是一个短元音,发音一定要短,发音比/ɔ:/短一些,双唇稍稍收圆,并向前突出。
单词举例:dog [dɔg] n.狗,家伙;hot [hɔt] adj. 热的,辣的
(4)/u/ 发音技巧
发音时双唇收圆,稍突出。就像发汉语中的“乌”,但没发完就给打断了一样。
单词举例:book [bʊk] n. 书,卷;cook [kʊk] vt. 烹调,煮
(5)/ʌ/ 发音技巧
发音时舌尖和舌端两侧轻触下齿,唇形稍扁,开口度较大。这个发音有点像发“啊”音时突然被谁卡住了脖子的感觉。
单词举例:brother['brʌðə(r)] n. 哥哥,弟弟;mother [ˈmʌðə] n. 母亲
(6)/e/发音技巧
发音时舌尖抵下齿,舌前部稍抬起,上下嘴张开的角度大约呈“45度”,同时发出声音。
单词举例:leg [leg] v. n. 腿,支柱; desk [desk] n. 书桌
(7)/æ/发音技巧
发音时,双唇向两边平伸,张开嘴,嘴唇放松逐渐压低舌头7和下颚,尽可能夸张。
单词举例:bad [bæd] :adj. 坏的,不好的;cat [kæt] :n. 猫,猫科动物
双元音
点击这个视频学习双元音发音。《【【英语基础】英语国际音标-8个双元音的发音-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/VQsPDdl》
8个双元音发音技巧:/eɪ/、/aɪ/、/ɔɪ/、/ɪə/、/eə/、/ʊə/、/əʊ/、/aʊ/
(1)/eɪ/发音技巧
该音是个双元音,发音时双唇稍扁,口形从半开到合。类似于英文字母“A”。
单词举例:say[sei] v.说;delay[diˈlei] n. 延迟
(2)/aɪ/发音技巧
发此音的关键是要把/a/音发足,接近于英文字母中的“I”。
单词举例:ice [ais] n. 冰,雪糕;side [said] n. 面,边
(3)/ɔɪ/发音技巧
发音时双唇从圆到扁,口形从开到合。接近于汉语发音“奥一”。
单词举例:oil [ɔil] n. 油,石油;noise [nɔɪz] n. 噪音,嘈杂声
(4)/ɪə/发音技巧
发声时,由第一个音[i]向[ə]集中,接近于汉语发音“一呃”。
单词举例:fear [fɪər] :n. 害怕,可能性;dear [dɪər] :adj. 亲爱的
(5)/eə/发音技巧
接近于汉语发音“哎呃”。
单词举例:bear [bɛə] :n. 熊;wear [wɛə] :vt. 穿着
(6)/ʊə/发音技巧
第一个是“短乌音”/u/,第二个是/ə/。类似于汉语发音“屋呃”。
单词举例:sure [ʃʊər] adj. 确信的,确实的;pure [pjʊər] adj. 纯的; 单纯的
(7)/əʊ/发音技巧
舌位由半低到高,口形由半开到小。接近于汉语发音“呃屋”。
单词举例: flow [fləu] :vi. 流;glow [ɡləʊ] :vi. 发光,灼热
(8)/aʊ/发音技巧
由第一个音向第二个音滑动,接近于汉语发音“啊屋”。
单词举例:cow [kaʊ] n. 奶牛,乳牛;hour [aʊər] n. 小时,钟头
辅音
点击这个视频学习辅音发音。《【英语音标(辅音部分),发音规则与技巧!美式发音,地道口语!清辅音,浊辅音!初级,零基础,欢迎新手!-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/dCgZVAA》
11个清辅音 /p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /ʃ/ /ts/ /tʃ/ /tr/ /h/
11个浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ /ʒ/ /dz/ /dʒ/ /dr/ /r/
注意:
清辅音:发音时送气,声带不颤动(颤不颤用手放在喉咙上就知道了)
浊辅音:发音时不送气(拿张纸放在嘴前,纸没有被吹开),声带颤动。
(1)/p/ /b/谐音分别为“普”、“卜”,都省去韵母成分
发音方法:/p/是清辅音,声带不振动;/b/是浊辅音,声带振动。
单词举例:/p/:pen [pen] n.钢笔;pin [pin] n.大头针
/b/:bike [baik] n.自行车;beg [beg] v.乞求
(2)/t/ /d/分别谐音“特”、“得”。
发音方法:/t/是清辅音,声带不振动;/d/是浊辅音,声带振动。
单词举例:/t/ :ten [ten] num; test [test] n. 试验, 考验
/d/: student [ˈstudnt] n.学生; date [deɪt] n.日期、日子、约见时间 v.注明日期、写上日期
(3)/k/ /g/分别谐音“可”、“嗝”。
发音方法:发音时舌后部隆起紧贴软颚,憋住气,然后突然分开,气流送出口腔,形成爆破音。/k/是清辅音,声带不要振动;/g/是浊辅音,声带需要振动。
单词举例:/k/ :kite [kait] n. 风筝;cake [keɪk] n. 蛋糕
/g/: glove [ɡlʌv] n. 手套;girl [ɡə:l] n. 女孩
(4)/f/ /v/
/f/谐音“府”,/v/就是北方人把W读成V那种感觉。
发音方法:发音前,上齿咬住下嘴唇,然后使气流由唇齿间的缝隙中通过,从而引起摩擦。
/f/是清辅音,发音时声带不震动;/v/是浊辅音,发音时声带振动。
单词举例:/f/:flower ['flaʊər] n. 花;fly [flai] vi.飞, 飞行
/v/:love [lʌv] v. 爱;seven [ˈsevən] num. 七
(5)/θ/ /ð/ 牙齿轻咬舌尖发出的音
发音方法:发音时,舌尖微微伸出,置于上下门齿之间,舌尖和下齿之间的气流通道非常窄小,气流从舌齿间的窄缝中通过。/θ/是清辅音,发音时声带不振动;/ð/是浊辅音,发音时声带振动。
单词举例:/θ/:three [θri:] num. 三; throw [θrəʊ] vi. 投掷
/ð/:this [ðɪs] pron. 这,这个,这里; mother [ˈmʌðə(r)] n. 母亲
(6)/s/ 谐音“丝”,/z/“zi”
发音方法:发音时舌端靠近齿龈,气流由舌端齿龈间送出。/s/是清辅音,声带不振动;/z/是浊浦音,声带振动。
单词举例:/s/:school [sku:l] n. 学校,学院;bus [bʌs] n. 公共汽车
/z/:please [pli:z] int.请;zoo [zu:] n.动物园
(7)/ts/ /dz/分别谐音“次”、“自”
发音方法:舌端先贴住上齿龈,堵住气流,气流送出口腔。/ts/是清辅音,声带不振动,/dz/是浊辅音,声带振动。
单词举例:/ts/:cats [kæts] n. 猫( cat的名词复数 );hats [hæts] n. 帽子( hat的名词复数 )
/dz/:hands [hændz] n.手;lands [lændz] n.陆地
(8)/tr/ /dr/分别谐音“戳”、“捉”
发音方法:舌尖贴齿龈后部,气流冲破阻碍发出短促的/t/后立即发/r/。/tr/是清辅音,声带不振动;/dr/是浊辅音,声带振动。
单词举例:/tr/ : tree [tri:] n. 树,木料;try [traɪ] vt.& vi. 试图
/dr/:dress [dres] n.连衣裙;drink [drɪŋk] v.喝酒
(9)/∫/ /ʒ/分别谐音“诗”、“日”
发音方法:/∫/是清辅音,声带不振动;/ʒ/是浊辅音,声带振动。
单词举例:/∫/:English [ˈɪŋglɪʃ] adj. 英格兰的; 英国的;rubbish [ˈrʌbɪʃ] n. 垃圾;
/ʒ/:pleasure [ˈpleʒə] n.快乐,愉快;casual [ˈkæʒuəl] adj意外的,偶然的
(10)/t∫/ /dʒ/分别谐音“吃”、“之”
发音方法:发音时舌身抬高,舌端抵上齿龈后部,气流通过时发出破擦音。/t∫/是清辅音,声带不振动;/dʒ/是浊辅音,声带振动。
单词举例:/t∫/: chalk [tʃɔ:k] n. 粉笔;chair [tʃeər] n. 椅子
/dʒ/:page [peɪdʒ] n.页 ;age [eɪdʒ] n.年龄
(11)/h/ /r/分别谐音“呵”、“若”,省去韵母成分。
发音方法:
发/h/这个音时,嘴半开,气流从口腔不受阻碍而出,声带不振动,清辅音。
发/r/这个音时,舌端上卷,靠近上齿龈附近,嘴唇张开并保持略圆状态,气流从口腔涌出,声带振动,属于浊辅音。
单词举例: /h/: hair [heə(r)] n.头发;hate [heɪt] v.恨,厌恶
/r/: sorry ['sɒrɪ] v.对不起 ;write [raɪt] v.写
鼻音
点击这个视频学习鼻音发音。《【(21)鼻音 m n ŋ | 英语音标发音口型示范 | 美式发音-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/8P1jfXx》
(1)/m/谐音“恩”
发音方法:双唇紧闭,软腭下垂,气流从鼻腔发出,声带震动。闭口音。
单词举例:major [ˈmeɪdʒə(r)] adj.主要的;time [taɪm] n.时间
(2)/n/谐音“呢”
发音方法:舌尖顶住上齿龈,形成阻碍,气流从鼻腔发出,同时声带震动,开口音。
单词举例:nice [naɪc] adj.漂亮的;funny [ˈfʌni] adj.有趣的
(3)/ŋ/谐音“英”,省去声母部分
发音方法:发音时气流从鼻腔涌出,声带振动。
单词举例: think [θɪŋk] v.想;angel [ˈeɪndʒl] n.天使
边音
点击这个视频学习边音发音。《【真正的国际音标-边音 Lateral-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/G9C7X9F》
/l/谐音“里”
发音方法:舌尖顶住上齿龈,发音时气流从舌面的两侧通过,声带保持震动,属于浊辅音。
单词举例:light [laɪt] n.光线 ;ball [bɔ:l] n.球
半元音
点击这个视频学习半元音发音。《【BBC英语 其他辅音 半元音'w'的发音 与'v'的区别 国际音标发音|Pronunciation Tips 34 - Other Consonant-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/fC2pYDl》
/j/谐音“耶”
发音方法:发音时声带震动,气流口腔发出。浊辅音,发音口型类似/ i/.
单词举例:ye [jes] adv.是的;young [jʌŋ] adj.年轻的
/w/谐音“屋”
发音方法:嘴唇张开到刚好可以含住一根吸管的程度,并向前微噘起,但上齿不能接触下唇,立刻滑向其后的元音。
单词举例:wish [wɪʃ] :v. 希望; which [wɪtʃ] :pron. 哪一个
学习步骤
抄写
抄写音标,并了解音标特点。
对音标的基本认知
1、区别长短音带“:”的音标发音相对较长不带“:”的音标发音相对较短。
2、区别清辅音和浊辅音核心区别:清辅音声带不震动,浊辅音声带振动。
模仿练习
找合适的视频学习学习跟读。例如b站上《【赖世雄48个英语音标朗读示范,美音英音对照版-哔哩哔哩】 【https://b23.tv/sHYQFZ3】》、《【李咏梅老师英语(音标部分)——最牛的初中英语老师!没有之一!李咏梅国际音标 (完整版发音篇)-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/U1pmjNE》、《【纯正英式发音】这是BBC出品的到现在为止最棒的英语发音教程(完整版)-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/gZzDKl5》,以上几个视频都非常不错,详细讲解每个音标的读法。注意视频一定至少跟读5遍,才能确保你的学习效果。
也可以通过下面这个视频观察发音口型的变化。
《【48个英语音标示范读音-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK》
1、模仿练习,学习国际音标的发音,要注意观察老师的口型,观察发音部位的变化,主动模仿发音,初学可以对着镜子模仿练习,特别是元音发音的舌位高低,口腔开口度大小与音色关系十分密切,可以通过镜子观察口型上的区别,观察舌尖、舌面、舌叶的活动情况,比如u和o、i和e、e和ε等等,掌握准确口腔开口度,对于准确发音具有非常重要的意义。
2、听音训练:学习国际音标需要认识48个音标,通过反反复复的听力练习,达到强化记忆。听音训练,如果有条件,可以多听老师朗读音标,也可以使用录音带反复听音,本课件中的每个音素,都可以循环倾听,强化记忆。
3、多动口,动口是加强实践的关键和核心,听音也好,模仿也好,比较也好,最终要归结到自己发音这一目标上来,所以勤动口是掌握国际音标发音的关键。俗话说,"三天不写手生,三天不念口生",说的就是要加强动手动口能力的培养。因此学习国际音标,要时时加强语音训练,勤动口,反复实践练习,在实践中比较,在实践中体会差别,做到熟能生巧,这样自然就掌握国际音标的发音了。
重点音标讲解
单元音
[i:] =“一”
[ɪ]:[ɪ]开口要比[i:]稍大,注意比较两图口型。
[e] 嘴张45°,[æ]嘴张90°
[ɜ:r] [ər]=“二”
[ə]=额(不卷舌)
[ʌ]:开口比“啊”略小
[ɑ:r]=卷舌的“啊”
[ɑ] =“啊”
[ɔ] =开口稍大的“哦”
[ɔ:r]=卷舌的“哦”
[u:]核心:双唇由半开微突,过渡到合嘴圆唇
[ʊ] 发成噘嘴的[ə],气流向外。
双元音
双元音较简单,大多数可进行类比,注意双元音的重音在第一个音标,即前一个音读的稍重,后一个音读的较轻。
[eɪ]=“A”
[aɪ]=“I”
[əʊ]=“O”
[ɔɪ]=“哦一”
[ɪə]=ear
[eə]=air
[ʊə]=“乌尔”
辅音
大部分辅音跟“汉语拼音”都有相似之处,直接看视频模仿即可,这里只讲解易错发音。
爆破音:
[t] [p] [k] 不要读成[tə] [pə] [kə] 注意:它们声带不震动
摩擦音:
[f][v] 咬唇音,注意上齿咬下唇
[θ][ð]
上下齿轻咬舌头,发音时能看到你的舌头露出
[ʃ]=不发音的“诗” [ʒ]= “日”
[r]=撅嘴+卷舌的“热” [h]=不发音+舌头平放的“喝”
鼻音
[m] 合嘴
[n] 舌前部抵住上颚
[ŋ] 嘴巴张开
舌侧音[l]
元音前:跟拼音“l”发音一致元音后:发“l”的前半段
半元音
[j] “也”
[w] =圆唇噘嘴的“我”
破擦音
[tʃ]= 不发声的“吃”
[dʒ]= “居”
[ts]=不发声的“次”
[dz]=“子”
[tr] 先发“t”,在发“r”,最后结合在一起
[dr] 同上
词汇拼读
1、规划拼读任务,拿出单词书或课本词汇表,找只含1~2个音节的单词拼读,20个为一组,每天练习3组,当然如果有时间,多进行几组也OK,加强效果。后期难度逐渐加大。
2、输入法识别词汇,每拼读一个词汇,都对着X飞输入法的语音识别功能朗读,看能否被输入法识别出单词,用机器来检测是否读的准确。
3、听词汇跟读,不管输入法识别出单词,还是没识别出单词,都要查手机字典,来听一遍听力,并跟读,模仿语调和轻重读音。
例如:Cash driver apartment money breakfast lawyer agency
学习计划
1、国际音标,一共48个,每天学4个,12天学完,元音和辅音每天各学习两个。
2、学完以后结合和音标相关的单词,每天坚持读一个小时,第二天要把第一天的一块儿读,第三天要把前两天的一块儿读,依次类推,坚持学完所有的音标,就可以读字典上任何一个单词。
3、长期坚持下去,会发现其实很多字母和音标有着关联,比如ph都发音标f的音,字母u发尖a的音,类似的规律,当大家坚持下来以后会发现很多,同时你甚至可以听到单词的发音就能把单词拼出来,直接就把背单词的问题解决了,音标会读,单词会读,单词会背,听力当然也不再是问题。自己总结出来的规律说明真的学会了,同时自己得出来的结论要比老师直接告诉你印象更深刻,同时最重要的是用起来更容易。
注意事项
1、了解发音要领,模仿老师口型
学习语音,一定要注意口型,并仔细揣摩每个音标的发音要领,特别是相似音标的发音区别。
零基础学员不要以为盯着老师的口型就好了,其实发音很多都是内部器官看不到的, 所以需要老师正确的发音示范,跟着老师一起读,然后再加上老师给的一些技巧,继续跟读,老师感觉哪有问题,再帮着纠正,这样一系列过程才是练成标准发音的秘籍。
2、 单词拼读实战,一对一纠正错误
养成一口纯正口语最重要的还是练习练习再练习,单词拼读实战训练,巩固你的发音。不断读,不断纠正,训练单个音标到训练多个单词,在学习语音的过程中,再掌握一些基础的词汇。
3、辩音练习,纠正错误,掌握发音规律
训练难度会随着课程的深入不断加强,但还是训练相同的内容,一节课很多类似的训练内容。音标中很多类似的发音,将相似音放在一起对比再练习,舌头和耳朵在这很重要。
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","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AqckdkO2SoWKyoxQJlCcXjKcn4f"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"元音部分","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MsOsda4UyoA0yUx4xP6czKClnJg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":345,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"元音部分","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a663fdb6f1284e47acca44c09060b0a2","width":694},"text":"","id":"AEKudCk2So0cmMxCAIeceBvxnjf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音部分","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KisEdmSmgogIwoxC4ZMcG3QknLe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":601,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音部分","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7467dcbf994549a5a6381df079b4301f","width":561},"text":"","id":"PAIEdU6suogWcexSCXRc664TnUf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"音标的分类","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YouadwUQwosyeyxasemc2PIHnjb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"最实用的分类方式是:元音=长元音+短元音+双元音;辅音=清辅音+浊辅音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IwWMdM0y4okSc6xUXz8cZOKMnWg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"英语一共有48个国际音标,包括20个元音,28个辅音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZEYEdomcAoIWSIx0gs6ctJvEnHg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"20个元音包括5个长元音:/i:/、/ɜ:/、/u:/、/a:/、/ɔ:/;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TOEMdsCmEo8wmuxy9sgchI0Dncu"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7个短元音:[i] [ə] [ɔ] [u] [ʌ] [e] [æ];","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JSgsdwwsWoc2i8xcLMycBbyfnae"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"8个双元音:/eɪ、/aɪ/、/ɔɪ/、/ɪə/、/eə/、/ʊə/、/əʊ/、/aʊ/;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FEqydSEaYoYgAExG0OJcpQCinVe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QgMudGYi4ooOcUxmocWcCoCEn1I"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、长元音顾名思义就是发的音比较长而饱满;短元音则发的音比较短而急;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CUm2dg0ayooas8xw7mKc1LHmnHb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、双元音就是两个单元音拼在一起,成为组合音。双元音发音的特点是前面的单元音发音长,后面的发音比较短。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"L6kydWcCEosSoGx4YDdcStKNnRb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"28个辅音包括:轻辅音/p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /ʃ/ /ts/ /tʃ/ /tr/ /h/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AIKwdykA4ogsCMxghM8cwNI2ndd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ /ʒ/ /dz/ /dʒ/ /dr/ /r/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EKwedeuCIoQOQOxsPGjcKnRinVe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音 /m/ /n/ /ŋ/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NsCOdg4ACo2C8cxYDOvc9jprnMe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"半元音 /j/ /w/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YgEed6IysogkMcxCm9rcZCI9nMc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"边音 /ǀ/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UkYUdw6iMoqSiqxwvFGcq3HTnTb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":551,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"音标的分类","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6872a8bb79f14f40989a6ed6bc41be7a","width":720},"text":"","id":"C4qGduOAkoiWuQx0ixicZGvqnPh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VYc4dsOwco02wAxAp27chauenkc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"长元音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MI8CdGMgmoi24ox6Isuc2rBwnSg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"点击这个视频学习长元音发音。《【元音音标(长元音)-哔哩哔哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/xz9mOz3"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/xz9mOz3","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AmiUdgiYaoo2m8xCLThcfQzVnob"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5个长元音/i:/、/ɜ:/、/u:/、/a:/、/ɔ:/发音技巧。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FKwydmY08oE4Esxsthgc7bG6ngf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(1)/i:/发音技巧:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JICedKKGioa2S6xOb2IcdXk7n31"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音时舌尖抵下齿,口形扁平。在发音的时候要尽量拉长,就像古人喝醉酒以后吟诗的感觉。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PuU6dGQ4goEwuyx0SHAcyATXnRh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例:bee [biː] n. 蜜蜂;see [siː] v. 看见,参看","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HoymdmuGiocUiExgVgicDvQJn2b"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":306,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"长元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/11401e7cc5bc444dbe441c1675fed41f","width":451},"text":"","id":"Jwu8dI462oaeoYx2YiTciWTqnvE"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)/ɜ:/发音技巧:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ts2qdA6SgoseSMxKkuqcBll6nug"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/ɜ:/是长元音,近似于北京腔的“儿”话音,如“花儿”的“儿”。发好这个音,关键在于卷舌!","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OYYudyQECoAUWCxAXCXcpSQNnwb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例:shirt [ʃə:t] n. 衬衫,男士衬衫;nurse [nə:s] n. 护士,保姆","id":""}],"text":"","id":"COSGdekU0o4gUuxMXnMcC6pCn2c"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":377,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"长元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/623ec09f755c4250bf94380ee9544915","width":562},"text":"","id":"FCiYdGaciomUW2xG0SicnSgFnLd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(3)/u:/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PWOIdEuS2o0WmaxWew6cVNb0nEf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发这个音时双唇用力向前突出,有点像拉长了音说“乌”,但要注意,“乌”的口形较扁。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KGkEdI2kMos20Ox2r4qcCFyXnnc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例:moon [mu:n] n. 月球,月亮;room [ruːm] n. 房间,空间","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Esasd8QoioyssQxkPtKc5kBmnJc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":301,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"长元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/fe82dde826ae4239afa4b48ffe8b0c42","width":453},"text":"","id":"RKWId4Ca4og0QexmwWYcZ2TOnAg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(4)/a:/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TAmEdomGco0mmmxMBcic5uLqnaf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音时口张大,双唇稍收圆。发音时可以照着镜子,说“啊”,看看嘴巴张得够不够大,记得要将嘴巴尽量张大。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TSYadWSEcooYEQxIUAjct9vnnFJ"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例:ask [a:sk] v. 问,询问; far [fa:r] adj. 远的","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YAQsdCAoGosGOqxQt5octrTLnYc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":273,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"长元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/025ef979d9624dbc88706798e493e87b","width":454},"text":"","id":"JsAodyMG4oaAWUx0eNaclgPRnU7"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(5)/ɔ:/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VyMWdKGuYouWEGxCWxVch2RmnXg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发这个音时,双唇稍稍收圆,并向前突出,发音接近于汉语“嗷”。这是个长元音,记住:长元音一定要拉长,发出来才好听。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MgM2dcYGCo46QcxQbwMc94Nynih"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例:door [dɔ:r] n. 门; short [ʃɔ:t] adj. 短的","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LgscdccICoGgwaxKaJWc1SyKnIh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":276,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"长元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d7a38edc116f4856b5a9593f720e724d","width":450},"text":"","id":"Ho4YdSGgcoUyQqxmgKhctGE7nkd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"短元音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"G0wOd0uowoAm6exEjRdcgKeDnJd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"点击这个视频学习短元音发音。《【【英语音标7个短元音/ʌ/ /ɒ/ /ə/ /ɪ/ /ʊ/ /e/ /æ/怎么读?】-哔哩哔哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/fo9Bd5E"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/fo9Bd5E","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WUQIdyWAoo6YMexciCLc5g4mnfx"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7个短元音:/i/、/ə/、 /ɔ/、/u/、/ʌ/、/e/、/æ/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JQe8de0WgoW4WIxIf6EcSf5Jn8g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(1)/i/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OeiSdAac6oeg4QxICt4cMrZ1ngb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"它是个短元音,发音要短促而轻快。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KyOcdmKcYo2yg0xc9CLchnc0nFg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例:big [bɪɡ] adj. 大的,庞大的;Fit [fit] v. 合身,适合于","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Peq6dMSKAoKMiex85ZpcCHMwn8c"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":282,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"短元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7490f86fa2e840c7822c7a8652cc3b59","width":454},"text":"","id":"Jg8qd0SAGoaqQYxWG62cTGd0nJc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)/ə/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Yi4gdOOSwoqi4ixUPCxcr7dTn8N"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音时舌身平放,双唇扁平。发这个音时不用卷舌。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QSWGdgm2wokq4uxaoSxc9pQNnAc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例:teacher [ˈtiːtʃə] n. 老师,教师; mother [ˈmʌðə] n. 母亲","id":""}],"text":"","id":"N600dqWCioIGAexsDGtcikolnSc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":285,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"短元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/fc5b84b799c543ba81a17ef6447d69b3","width":451},"text":"","id":"Zicodsi0aoGSMcxMFmhcGojin4b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(3)/ɔ","id":""},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"/ ","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Cwu6dsy0ioSIoQxQ3McctItdnoc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"这是一个短元音,发音一定要短,发音比/ɔ:/短一些,双唇稍稍收圆,并向前突出。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"B40SdEqGeommYaxUVmkcbAFunof"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例:dog [dɔg] n.狗,家伙;hot [hɔt] adj. 热的,辣的","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E6OQdeMYeo8kqAxQFP0cUzhtnQf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(4)/u/ 发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MkEMdeuwcoUMQMx2jfDcSL1Lnle"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音时双唇收圆,稍突出。就像发汉语中的“乌”,但没发完就给打断了一样。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NUQadG2AOoyQiqxovbfcN5hMnSg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例:book [bʊk] n. 书,卷;cook [kʊk] vt. 烹调,煮","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XiW4dUI0WoeWYaxmgclczYA7nSc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":318,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"短元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a926c1aa6d5d4ce79c0d19c2159ce98e","width":454},"text":"","id":"QGcAdYE6MomYUMxuiFcciKOwnKf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(5)/ʌ/ 发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QemKd0uQoogOGqx0yTfccRfnnVf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音时舌尖和舌端两侧轻触下齿,唇形稍扁,开口度较大。这个发音有点像发“啊”音时突然被谁卡住了脖子的感觉。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RQgydeee4ogWwyxgJKecse67nsf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例:brother['brʌðə(r)] n. 哥哥,弟弟;mother [ˈmʌðə] n. 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书桌","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UMEmdEuiQoOm8IxWKmhchZ3dnqc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":302,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"短元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b3fa4d978e4b447488f631be293165b8","width":451},"text":"","id":"HCSudscUeo2WQexw5h8cEy3znSe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(7)/æ/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FIIOdWuQsoIIwCx4gLAcOprtnje"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音时,双唇向两边平伸,张开嘴,嘴唇放松逐渐压低舌头7和下颚,尽可能夸张。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZSsydKw6AoE0QuxERwUcI26KnUh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例:bad [bæd] :adj. 坏的,不好的;cat [kæt] :n. 猫,猫科动物","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SUkcdksC2osc46xkfiqcMmwtnqe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":286,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"短元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/13ef5be403e1446dab200bb2319308db","width":455},"text":"","id":"RyKKdYucIoyoaExSGXwcBg0wnGh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"双元音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EaaodueAEo268SxMxKfcNGngnFf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"点击这个视频学习双元音发音。《【【英语基础】英语国际音标-8个双元音的发音-哔哩哔哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/VQsPDdl"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/VQsPDdl","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BsecdiMMYoke62xG0Lkcik9snKc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"8个双元音发音技巧:/eɪ/、/aɪ/、/ɔɪ/、/ɪə/、/eə/、/ʊə/、/əʊ/、/aʊ/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UUoSdueMqoIYkAxgdQTcnBxBnXg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(1)/eɪ/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SyYCdiUwooQQuKxUDZccsKHLnfg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"该音是个双元音,发音时双唇稍扁,口形从半开到合。类似于英文字母“A”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZKEwdAkUGoA4iIxpX5EcLq3KnrH"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例:say[sei] v.说;delay[diˈlei] n. 延迟 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CIIgdCuUeooCKwxmEuZcCv12nGe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":265,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"双元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/5dfd6e9e53684a9598530475e2d96126","width":457},"text":"","id":"OsecdEcOyomEsExG25jccuksnHg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)/aɪ/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KwScdKWUuo4koyx8zIlcnspPnKc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发此音的关键是要把/a/音发足,接近于英文字母中的“I”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UguSdq8McoMegMxgrkfc5oKfn5b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例:ice [ais] n. 冰,雪糕;side [said] n. 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/h/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JY04deUyUo4SOIx00V9cNrjgn2e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"11个浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ /ʒ/ /dz/ /dʒ/ /dr/ /r/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Aya6dI06WoYGm0xgFG8cd2RWnVd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DCAKdYKa6o6CskxSKjOcMmqYnxe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"清辅音:发音时送气,声带不颤动(颤不颤用手放在喉咙上就知道了)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"V4c8d0oaKoiiasxSJbIc3Phpn8z"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"浊辅音:发音时不送气(拿张纸放在嘴前,纸没有被吹开),声带颤动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"C6msd8Wsao4MCox3aGXchxhTnit"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(1)/p/ /b/谐音分别为“普”、“卜”,都省去韵母成分","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WqgqdeYCwoquUGxIpR6cp8i9n6b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法:/p/是清辅音,声带不振动;/b/是浊辅音,声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Q2iUduAywo0QcsxAPIvcauRYn1e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例:/p/:pen [pen] n.钢笔;pin [pin] n.大头针","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I6YGdymweowsukxi0Chcjet4nbe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/b/:bike [baik] n.自行车;beg [beg] v.乞求","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IukEd2acUomqsix61ZlcYRZgntc"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":291,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/606b063e5abc4abda1a64a5bcd15ed33","width":453},"text":"","id":"GAAodsy42oGcEOxqesecgGainDg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":279,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/62b2c2ff83cd446e913fc3894b60f5ed","width":453},"text":"","id":"LocqdA2WqoWwOmx4iqoc1Co1nzd"}],"text":"","id":"OUu0dw0IUoCAoKxWuwQcERpSn2g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)/t/ /d/分别谐音“特”、“得”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OUu0dw0IUoCAoKxWuwQcERpSn2g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法:/t/是清辅音,声带不振动;/d/是浊辅音,声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WqgudmymyoWeMyxG4qAcXd5Nn3f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例:/t/ :ten [ten] num; test [test] n. 试验, 考验","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CmCsdscSUougQExs3LHcC6Yvnxc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/d/: student [ˈstudnt] n.学生; date [deɪt] n.日期、日子、约见时间 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/v/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DySedIAYgoKsywxoVI4cNSDinKe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/f/谐音“府”,/v/就是北方人把W读成V那种感觉。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ISoKdAUgYoGIyExI5y6cPFHfnPh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法:发音前,上齿咬住下嘴唇,然后使气流由唇齿间的缝隙中通过,从而引起摩擦。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RM62de2eqoAkcixAxO3c7o2nn2b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/f/是清辅音,发音时声带不震动;/v/是浊辅音,发音时声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AGkSdk02UoUYoqx87ogcwnwpnPf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例:/f/:flower ['flaʊər] n. 花;fly [flai] vi.飞, 飞行","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DmI8dMaAyocKYixCAJOcvEDznmb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/v/:love [lʌv] v. 爱;seven [ˈsevən] num. 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throw [θrəʊ] vi. 投掷","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BQUadqEywoMcs2xEtzIc5zkmnfb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/ð/:this [ðɪs] pron. 这,这个,这里; mother [ˈmʌðə(r)] n. 母亲","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NGMedc0I2oEIOEx6qDWc6Ca4nwg"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":430,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/50168da9a42b477395fa447a59aadf00","width":640},"text":"","id":"TS0MdAOiIoWak2x4Fr2cXJLRneg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":250,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/fe852c5bda9443b4b98bcb1ed73950ab","width":456},"text":"","id":"Y6o6dYI68oOO4ixYzmUcUdwlnHg"}],"text":"","id":"MCEgdOoEkoUE2qxAtnfcviE7nSg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(6)/s/ 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hat的名词复数 ) ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DOksdQsWUoKGA2xETz0chmFantf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/dz/:hands [hændz] n.手;lands [lændz] n.陆地","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CMmSdKgc0oK828xcVxeci6yGnOg"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":289,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/8fdc13488fbc4d59a98f9f0713aefe7c","width":450},"text":"","id":"P8KydWaQYo8qWUxQppkc4qdhngb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":276,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7c7a93711b0e46cc83a527c60d527179","width":451},"text":"","id":"PkmQd6QMeoIcCIxoQSfcvdqVnmb"}],"text":"","id":"Ng8qda44kouo0UxWAN2cpPcpnkb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(8)/tr/ /dr/分别谐音“戳”、“捉”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ng8qda44kouo0UxWAN2cpPcpnkb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法:舌尖贴齿龈后部,气流冲破阻碍发出短促的/t/后立即发/r/。/tr/是清辅音,声带不振动;/dr/是浊辅音,声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GSKsdMQi0o82OexWotqcSV0KnVc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例:/tr/ : tree [tri:] n. 树,木料;try [traɪ] vt.\u0026 vi. 试图 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GGkKdsqAqo0C8WxqIJucE48Anzb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/dr/:dress [dres] n.连衣裙;drink [drɪŋk] 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/dʒ/分别谐音“吃”、“之”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SMc2d28g4oE0muxS4CIcteUNn3b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法:发音时舌身抬高,舌端抵上齿龈后部,气流通过时发出破擦音。/t∫/是清辅音,声带不振动;/dʒ/是浊辅音,声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"U0gWdO4iMoCAaoxYfM3cC5m6n7b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例:/t∫/: chalk [tʃɔ:k] n. 粉笔;chair [tʃeər] n. 椅子","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NK0ydWy0SoseSyxGoJMcJWW5nLd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/dʒ/:page [peɪdʒ] n.页 ;age [eɪdʒ] 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/r/分别谐音“呵”、“若”,省去韵母成分。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E0eYdWCA2oa2Q8xADQhcjsCsnVh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"M04md204koiKaQxcjQPccMzznXf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发/h/这个音时,嘴半开,气流从口腔不受阻碍而出,声带不振动,清辅音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"K6Kidis8moccGAxjkUjcGKHMncS"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发/r/这个音时,舌端上卷,靠近上齿龈附近,嘴唇张开并保持略圆状态,气流从口腔涌出,声带振动,属于浊辅音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Skk8dmsmoog2KwxWIvucX2Yvnyh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例: /h/: hair [heə(r)] n.头发;hate [heɪt] v.恨,厌恶","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FeIKdecMEoOEEsxC2MDcxzKenug"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/r/: sorry ['sɒrɪ] v.对不起 ;write [raɪt] v.写","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AmKEdA6O2oMuaCxQ3hLc0Vauneh"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":285,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/ae68233a2f1f4e0bae1ada1aafa601b2","width":455},"text":"","id":"B2IgdUQ0AoYG6wxYVJccq7VMnag"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":690,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b5bc0da8fe7f4de1b056a6e261a0535d","width":1024},"text":"","id":"FoGadAwoIoQ8iux6WegcTMzCnlb"}],"text":"","id":"Tgm6dmyKQoWAASxyMtHcwHwxnwf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Tgm6dmyKQoWAASxyMtHcwHwxnwf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"点击这个视频学习鼻音发音。《【(21)鼻音 m n ŋ | 英语音标发音口型示范 | 美式发音-哔哩哔哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/8P1jfXx"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/8P1jfXx","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QsmOdYKyAoKyYgxct1YcwrFxnof"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(1)/m/谐音“恩”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GAAmd86QgomQgmxaa0LcUWtJn8c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法:双唇紧闭,软腭下垂,气流从鼻腔发出,声带震动。闭口音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ws8udoA2soaccyxaUb3cYEJCnkf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例:major [ˈmeɪdʒə(r)] adj.主要的;time [taɪm] n.时间","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NGuudoKUeogKgKxS8ZUcakUsnYg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":275,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f85c67957ccc46bdaa291f21c4945bbf","width":453},"text":"","id":"JSAAdM6wSo6uSUxQzE5cb42LnQd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)/n/谐音“呢”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MsCId8QaAou0OwxCavicqQUSnLh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法:舌尖顶住上齿龈,形成阻碍,气流从鼻腔发出,同时声带震动,开口音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E2GAdKKSGoCuWIxQdrXctfW6nvh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例:nice [naɪc] adj.漂亮的;funny [ˈfʌni] adj.有趣的","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MysCdSuOeoeK8ixaugKcDN72nUf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":302,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/cf6bbf9b230c4ba385b68bf46687dc48","width":449},"text":"","id":"IKM0duY8Go6u4CxkBlucRm0XnPh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(3)/ŋ/谐音“英”,省去声母部分","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WcoodGMkwoI2YGxIP4ucIJsAnRC"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法:发音时气流从鼻腔涌出,声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UWcSd6OUCoq0a8xAV9sc88PznPg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例: think [θɪŋk] v.想;angel [ˈeɪndʒl] n.天使","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I6YIdO2o0o8w2Ax5e5RcRshSnn9"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":281,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/9be0385b2e8b48298d7c1f70fbddcfcd","width":453},"text":"","id":"Ng62d6MoOo82sUx6k4VcQMB9nYf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"边音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HuSIdwyEkoMIqCxotU0cFfxbnNb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"点击这个视频学习边音发音。《【真正的国际音标-边音 Lateral-哔哩哔哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/G9C7X9F"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/G9C7X9F","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"C8uCdoCuco8aeGxkXIScGUjtnme"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/l/谐音“里”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EkeKdas6eoQ8msxawD1cdzE7n6f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法:舌尖顶住上齿龈,发音时气流从舌面的两侧通过,声带保持震动,属于浊辅音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RIWkd0eeuoiCGqx6rikckQCtnld"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例:light [laɪt] n.光线 ;ball [bɔ:l] n.球","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CuIodIW6goAcIExgblmcWFXXnah"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":260,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"边音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c8a9eb0ff3c3438e80e649b07a85be15","width":456},"text":"","id":"MoWedis4SokU8cxGSwecIsV7nTh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"半元音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FOUWdOmoioWWUOxSKvHcytrEnig"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"点击这个视频学习半元音发音。《【BBC英语 其他辅音 半元音'w'的发音 与'v'的区别 国际音标发音|Pronunciation Tips 34 - Other Consonant-哔哩哔哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/fC2pYDl"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/fC2pYDl","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I8yIdi2Ego4uoyxmUgXcTisJn0c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/j/谐音“耶”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"J2ScdIcYUouWkWxiojWcdJ1KnJh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法:发音时声带震动,气流口腔发出。浊辅音,发音口型类似/ i/.","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QmQMd4CA2o0cWYxeKdicdK2bn7c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例:ye [jes] adv.是的;young [jʌŋ] adj.年轻的","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KEWidUWoGoamgQxmw03cCYVqnkd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":275,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"半元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/225dc1955f054974a842c952f4f410d4","width":454},"text":"","id":"ZQasdYIoqosm46xOoZPcbpW9nPd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/w/谐音“屋”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"M0oudgMQGoOYKQxobhpceOocnjg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法:嘴唇张开到刚好可以含住一根吸管的程度,并向前微噘起,但上齿不能接触下唇,立刻滑向其后的元音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E6sYdKOuGoG2eWxMV8gc1I5Lngc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例:wish [wɪʃ] :v. 希望; which [wɪtʃ] :pron. 哪一个","id":""}],"text":"","id":"N8yMd808YogkeYxS8Bzcw8AnnZe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":299,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"半元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/752d066e3d624ac5a0a385ff5a02f131","width":453},"text":"","id":"A2EAdkoKaoKUE8xCUKAcaFHvnrh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习步骤","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KGmUduwi2o4WWcxW8UAcAtf6nsh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"抄写","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CyQmdY0woowyiWxQtzSct7zAn95"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"抄写音标,并了解音标特点。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OKeud2iiGoSqEAxWbELcjRpgnqb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"对音标的基本认知","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RaimdAOiYoEG8SxSmf2ceFeonGc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、区别长短音带“:”的音标发音相对较长不带“:”的音标发音相对较短。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Z2ScdmyGqomYqaxyqkdcLdq3nhL"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、区别清辅音和浊辅音核心区别:清辅音声带不震动,浊辅音声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NYY8dyIYwo8OyAxcjYfcWTgKn3f"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"模仿练习","id":""}],"text":"","id":"V8YAdU2MgoEgOGxKAYHckkUAn0e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"找合适的视频学习学习跟读。例如b站上《【赖世雄48个英语音标朗读示范,美音英音对照版-哔哩哔哩】 【","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/sHYQFZ3"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/sHYQFZ3","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"】》、《【李咏梅老师英语(音标部分)——最牛的初中英语老师!没有之一!李咏梅国际音标 (完整版发音篇)-哔哩哔哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/U1pmjNE"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/U1pmjNE","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》、《【纯正英式发音】这是BBC出品的到现在为止最棒的英语发音教程(完整版)-哔哩哔哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/gZzDKl5"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/gZzDKl5","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》,以上几个视频都非常不错,详细讲解每个音标的读法。","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"注意视频一定至少跟读5遍,才能确保你的学习效果。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KS4ydK4S6oiIQmxu0vncRSQHnMd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"也可以通过下面这个视频观察发音口型的变化。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IuCAd8Eeao4kYCxCirecwybinKd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"《【48个英语音标示范读音-哔哩哔哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CMmAd4gewoQWIUxKQ07cNUeEnPb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、模仿练习,学习国际音标的发音,要注意观察老师的口型,观察发音部位的变化,主动模仿发音,初学可以对着镜子模仿练习,特别是元音发音的舌位高低,口腔开口度大小与音色关系十分密切,可以通过镜子观察口型上的区别,观察舌尖、舌面、舌叶的活动情况,比如u和o、i和e、e和ε等等,掌握准确口腔开口度,对于准确发音具有非常重要的意义。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XcymdwOWCo6CIGxa2tecRpqyncd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、听音训练:学习国际音标需要认识48个音标,通过反反复复的听力练习,达到强化记忆。听音训练,如果有条件,可以多听老师朗读音标,也可以使用录音带反复听音,本课件中的每个音素,都可以循环倾听,强化记忆。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"N242dAYGAoY4MIxCel4c7gT7nOd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、多动口,动口是加强实践的关键和核心,听音也好,模仿也好,比较也好,最终要归结到自己发音这一目标上来,所以勤动口是掌握国际音标发音的关键。俗话说,\"三天不写手生,三天不念口生\",说的就是要加强动手动口能力的培养。因此学习国际音标,要时时加强语音训练,勤动口,反复实践练习,在实践中比较,在实践中体会差别,做到熟能生巧,这样自然就掌握国际音标的发音了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"C8AGdQweWo6Eq4xwZQpcAzqTnGg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"重点音标讲解","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NYgkdUaewoSIquxc48NcmqD7nQy"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"单元音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YW4wdUskoocOAwxuatBcuFsWn1d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[i:] 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[ər]=“二”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TSo6dKsSWo2GYcxZjETc9G1GnDG"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ə]=额(不卷舌)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HMsmdKmyKoAssoxAzOdc7OWnntg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":169,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"单元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/23669fa681c94516b68dbd7dfbeacb30","width":287},"text":"","id":"Fo6QduWAwokykix49KRcfCJmnof"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ʌ]:开口比“啊”略小","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BGsmdsW6woUimYxOwpucaftfnNc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ɑ:r]=卷舌的“啊”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"T4q6dQqcMo8UY4x6uROcurTungg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Yc4mdmGSQow40gxqCAGcOvvinBd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":158,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"单元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/4a325dcff9bf444c93f02a661b7eb1dc","width":288},"text":"","id":"YI2udUmcEoUO2axUffDc55c0n5b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ɑ] =“啊”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GOUkd82oyoSQK2xGU3Yc38ITngg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ɔ] =开口稍大的“哦”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BY4wdeQqqoy6C6xqo3wc8LQdnVh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ɔ:r]=卷舌的“哦”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VieGd4caOoI2eIxKk63cHfKcnEh"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":110,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"单元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/47f4542a00f04f7aae6be6656657cf8c","width":114},"text":"","id":"IE8cdeAC4oMySuxgcAocFfSanZ3"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":110,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"单元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/710b04be027845d7be2106e9bbeb33a3","width":104},"text":"","id":"XmK2diS0YoCssGx8z5CcCyTSnad"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":110,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"单元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/710b04be027845d7be2106e9bbeb33a3","width":104},"text":"","id":"XmK2diS0YoCssGx8z5CcCyTSnad"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":110,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"单元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/89ec169b38a04ab99190b396206e9400","width":98},"text":"","id":"UyMSdui2WoASQExMfVZcTvLqnrd"}],"text":"","id":"T8sYd4Wu8oaAOIxMxS7cIc9snLb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[u:]核心:双唇由半开微突,过渡到合嘴圆唇","id":""}],"text":"","id":"T8sYd4Wu8oaAOIxMxS7cIc9snLb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ʊ] 发成噘嘴的[ə],气流向外。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"C4EUdoaeCoGgg2xA94WcKc7XnVg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"双元音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RGS8duyAEoSGqgxas3DcrumNnog"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"双元音较简单,大多数可进行类比,注意双元音的重音在第一个音标,即前一个音读的稍重,后一个音读的较轻。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ww4IdocgUoaaeAxYJjwcra66neh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[eɪ]=“A”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TciidSSSmoKY6MxOmfycHajin1A"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[aɪ]=“I”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QyWEdEi4eo0WC4xYBXWcKXKJn3g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[əʊ]=“O”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OaqodkkAWoIIwixUvLJciK9Dnbg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ɔɪ]=“哦一”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EIkGdeWMMoCgCKxujKucWEgXnl7"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ɪə]=ear","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E6Wedoq6Go4KQKx0OLvcGKWAnNe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[eə]=air","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WKsUdcKGSouW0exAVi9cPsZcnWb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ʊə]=“乌尔”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JMWSdYuUAo84WexU5RncsFdWnYe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I6SAdQWcYoe2WexqIZ7cCguWnbd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"大部分辅音跟“汉语拼音”都有相似之处,直接看视频模仿即可,这里只讲解易错发音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WOS4dUWgKoegoQxoBW1c0scNnCh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"爆破音:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AGwkdoY06oeKEExaYJdcMIPWnyc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[t] [p] [k] 不要读成[tə] [pə] [kə] 注意:它们声带不震动","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LqIEdUkemo8g6Gx2j13czIRNn4e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"摩擦音:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JAkqdWaUkoe4oQx6CBicKu6JnIf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[f][v] 咬唇音,注意上齿咬下唇","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UMwCdEUkWoQ6uQxwJcscTdTUnrd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":146,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2ad2d1355a204bcbae724b0dc07ceb1b","width":248},"text":"","id":"QugUdOeOOoC8yAxzSjzcPmdenp5"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[θ][ð]","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BoGUd4UcUoS2eSxig5ac7Oh0nPf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"上下齿轻咬舌头,发音时能看到你的舌头露出","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YesIdOoy4oEWmax6YWXcvXUSn1g"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":125,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/fb45b894066748d99889cbe3cbcf925d","width":239},"text":"","id":"XM0idmGoWosKc0xkOwdckSZZnUx"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ʃ]=不发音的“诗” [ʒ]= “日”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BC0IdUyW4oiyGqxMzvxcAjzpnIg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":144,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c8f6dc95aeda44ba960be5c6b0ae01ba","width":278},"text":"","id":"DSW8dw0eQoyYAIx87UScLiJbnvh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[r]=撅嘴+卷舌的“热” [h]=不发音+舌头平放的“喝”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HMsYdguS0osqikxYJjncCMxjnie"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QYkOdgowEo6mSExYBRPc5wiznOc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[m] 合嘴","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LeSWdaaQkouGaMxKWxWcL08ense"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[n] 舌前部抵住上颚","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XmKIdKGsiooa6ix6RbecaOExnUd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ŋ] 嘴巴张开","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Xcusd4giYokcyGxKw8JccJM3nxd"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":114,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6809d9fd4d604c999772a6441dca8739","width":157},"text":"","id":"HEw2dqIAYoysEoxiySQcHndjnud"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":114,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6fa595b78ba94c89aadb1b2da94aaa69","width":157},"text":"","id":"CiAOdC6iooIYUEx0Yq6cvTGhnGd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":114,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6fa595b78ba94c89aadb1b2da94aaa69","width":157},"text":"","id":"CiAOdC6iooIYUEx0Yq6cvTGhnGd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":114,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/5675b8cf0d67465db9106dd349b765ab","width":165},"text":"","id":"ICYydaeeyosCAQxq6mDcf2cJnvb"}],"text":"","id":"IM4QdgE82oU0wAxkvaac1cYYnPd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"舌侧音[l]","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IM4QdgE82oU0wAxkvaac1cYYnPd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"元音前:跟拼音“l”发音一致元音后:发“l”的前半段","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UAW4dyoO6ouEMwxU9DycGSVfnTd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"半元音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VYiUdiuoAoc0SkxJxQ7cKyODnHH"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[j] “也”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MiEYdKWOGoYoCsxaALDcfRxtn7d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[w] =圆唇噘嘴的“我”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Eakqd8i8gomqCCx0C5ScvszAn3c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"破擦音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PWgEdOqSCo2cwaxgnVNcniofnCc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[tʃ]= 不发声的“吃”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QUISdIOmYo8CAEx2xyfcxw1EnMg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[dʒ]= “居”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XGoQdUkewoOKqwxg1NmcNvosncd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ts]=不发声的“次”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"P8K6ducAkoeSccxsVFec10Icnve"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[dz]=“子”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"V2CSdAm0ioYYcqxADoecjOXUn5T"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[tr] 先发“t”,在发“r”,最后结合在一起","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PMwOdSKYsoO6yyxKW0vcyzhxnBb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[dr] 同上","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PqcCdaYuSosyuIx02oycX1iwnQh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"词汇拼读","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I0GedsKk0oUgoOxuyXccgX1vnGe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、规划拼读任务,拿出单词书或课本词汇表,找只含1~2个音节的单词拼读,20个为一组,每天练习3组,当然如果有时间,多进行几组也OK,加强效果。后期难度逐渐加大。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YiK6dkyMqoE6KYxcZFecaO2Onic"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、输入法识别词汇,每拼读一个词汇,都对着X飞输入法的语音识别功能朗读,看能否被输入法识别出单词,用机器来检测是否读的准确。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"F82MdiS0OoEyEyxk1SicCu6vnaf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、听词汇跟读,不管输入法识别出单词,还是没识别出单词,都要查手机字典,来听一遍听力,并跟读,模仿语调和轻重读音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GcOsd4I80oaSsExCYAecvtgonmg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"例如:Cash driver apartment money breakfast lawyer agency ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UAkYd6KyoosOe8xyaEycPumwn0d"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习计划","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ig8edugQyogYa8xmCTpcTKcgnRf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、国际音标,一共48个,每天学4个,12天学完,元音和辅音每天各学习两个。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Kk6IdUSM0omgecxaQbkcSsZsnve"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、学完以后结合和音标相关的单词,每天坚持读一个小时,第二天要把第一天的一块儿读,第三天要把前两天的一块儿读,依次类推,坚持学完所有的音标,就可以读字典上任何一个单词。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QG6sdm2M4o68ouxYDuzcFDxhn9g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、长期坚持下去,会发现其实很多字母和音标有着关联,比如ph都发音标f的音,字母u发尖a的音,类似的规律,当大家坚持下来以后会发现很多,同时你甚至可以听到单词的发音就能把单词拼出来,直接就把背单词的问题解决了,音标会读,单词会读,单词会背,听力当然也不再是问题。自己总结出来的规律说明真的学会了,同时自己得出来的结论要比老师直接告诉你印象更深刻,同时最重要的是用起来更容易。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Km8odoYG4omMG2xQjwvctwuOn8e"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意事项","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XS6WduK8gocSyQxwpyYc32mDnId"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、了解发音要领,模仿老师口型","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QaWwde6UQoWyyox8b3Yc0PnGngd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习语音,一定要注意口型,并仔细揣摩每个音标的发音要领,特别是相似音标的发音区别。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Jii2diISEoMkQixoveicLaPdn7b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"零基础学员不要以为盯着老师的口型就好了,其实发音很多都是内部器官看不到的, 所以需要老师正确的发音示范,跟着老师一起读,然后再加上老师给的一些技巧,继续跟读,老师感觉哪有问题,再帮着纠正,这样一系列过程才是练成标准发音的秘籍。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Pow0deEogocwqexqKJOchO9Qnbc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、 单词拼读实战,一对一纠正错误","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KqAmdu0E4oWkkExaukOcf14rnHf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"养成一口纯正口语最重要的还是练习练习再练习,单词拼读实战训练,巩固你的发音。不断读,不断纠正,训练单个音标到训练多个单词,在学习语音的过程中,再掌握一些基础的词汇。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"B0cyd2a4kowyACxM4E2cCki4nsi"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、辩音练习,纠正错误,掌握发音规律","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AQWQdmkKmoYcqyxsrTAcvvH8nhy"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"训练难度会随着课程的深入不断加强,但还是训练相同的内容,一节课很多类似的训练内容。音标中很多类似的发音,将相似音放在一起对比再练习,舌头和耳朵在这很重要。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LyKYdA4oIoQC8exa2vjcYOc1nle"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"G4aGdqMEMoO2AGxkzAkcWRvAnHd"}]%3C%2Fhowto_content%3E到底有没有狸猫换太子这件事?
谢邀。
狸猫换太子,是有历史原型的,但是,原型与戏曲故事还是有很大的出入。
狸猫换太子是古典名著《三侠五义》中的精彩故事。这个故事讲述的是北宋宋真宗皇后死后,同时怀孕刘妃和李妃之间的夺嫡斗争。毫无疑问,当时谁生了儿子,谁就有可能立为正宫。这个关键时间段,刘妃就怕李妃生了儿子被立为皇后,便与宫中总管都堂郭槐设计,在接生婆尤氏的配合下,乘李妃分娩时由于血晕而人事不知之机,将一狸猫剥去皮毛,血淋淋,光油油地换走了刚出世的太子。
不仅如此,狠心的刘妃命宫女寇珠勒死太子,寇珠于心不忍,暗中将太子交付宦官陈琳,陈琳将太子装在提盒中送至八贤王处抚养。再说真宗看到被剥了皮的狸猫,以为李妃产下了一个妖物,乃将其贬入冷宫。不久,刘妃临产,生了个儿子,被立为太子,刘妃也被册立为皇后。人算不如天算,谁知六年后,太子病夭,真宗便没了子嗣。于是真宗便将其皇兄八贤王之子(实为当年被换走的皇子)收为义子,并立为太子。
某日,太子在冷宫与生母李妃见了面,母子天性,两人都面带泪痕。刘后得知后,拷问寇珠,寇珠触阶而死。因此,刘后在真宗面前进谗言,真宗下旨将李妃赐死。小太监余忠情愿替李妃殉难,放出李妃。另一太监秦凤将李妃接出,送往陈州,秦凤也自焚而死。李妃在陈州无法生活,只落得住破窑、靠乞食为生。
事亦凑巧,正好包拯在陈州放粮,得知真情,与李妃假认作母子,将李妃带回开封。此时,真宗早已死去,李妃的儿子已经做了皇帝,史称宋仁宗。包拯又趁进宫向仁宗狄皇后贺寿之机,将李妃带进宫中,李妃才得以与自己的亲生儿子仁宗见面,并道出了真相。后来,包公又设计让郭槐供出真相。已做了太后的刘氏知道阴谋败露,自尽而死。由于包拯在这一案中立了大功,被仁宗任为首相。
上面就是小说、戏曲中的狸猫换太子的故事。出于作品感染力的需要,这个故事的作者、或者戏曲的编者确实是在历史原型上做了再加工。
那么历史上有没有这回事呢?是有的,只不过与小说和戏曲的故事情节有不少的出入,但仍是它们的原型。历史真相是这样的:
据历史记载,宋仁宗既非皇后所生,也非皇妃之子,而是侍奉真宗刘德妃的宫女李氏所生。仁宗生下后,刘德妃将其收为己子,亲加抚养,后来在年幼时即继了皇位。这样,刘德妃就成了皇太后。由于仁宗年幼不能理政,乃由刘太后垂帘听政。仁宗并不知道自己生母是李氏,朝中大臣畏惧太后之威也不敢说。
但刘太后仁慈厚道,当仁宗生母李氏病重时,刘太后将其由宫女晋升为宸妃。后来李氏病故,刘太后还以皇后之礼给予厚葬,这对一位宫女出身的人来说,也是备极哀荣了。过了若干年,刘太后逝世后,仁宗左右有人奏明仁宗:“陛下乃李宸妃所生,宸妃死于非命。”言下之意,宸妃乃刘后所害。究竟如何,仁宗自然要查清。
好在宸妃灵柩尚在,于是仁宗亲看开启宸妃之棺察视。宸妃遗体由于有水银保护,故其肤色就像活人一般,并非被人害死模样。再看她的冠服,确如皇后。这就证明当初宸妃确实因病而死,刘太后也确实将宸妃按皇后礼安葬。仁宗看到这一切,感慨地说道:“人言哪能相信啊!”由此可知,刘妃、李妃确有其人,但其事绝非传说的那样。
顺便说一下,其实这个故事与包公半毛钱的关系都没有。
这件事发生在仁宗亲政之前,也就是仁宗明道元年(公元1032年)以前,而此时包拯还是一个布衣百姓。直到仁宗景祐四年(公元1037年),29岁的包拯才考中进士,本被派到建昌县(今江西永修)任职,开始步入仕途,后又因父母事,多次调任或者辞职,直到40岁,步入中年了,才又复出。所以,在很长一段时间里,他都没有去过京城,何谈寻找或者巧遇仁宗生母呢!
二战中的硫磺岛登陆战为什么如此重要?
硫磺岛战役:美军踢开日本帝国大门的血战硫磺岛战役的标志性照片
硫磺岛战役(Battle of Iwo Jima,硫黄島の戦い),是第二次世界大战中太平洋战场上,从1945年2月19日至3月26日期间,美国与日本帝国发生的一场著名战役。硫磺岛战役亦是太平洋战争里美日双方最激烈的交战之一。
该战役的美军最高指挥官,是被誉为“现代两栖作战之父”的海军陆战队中将霍兰.史密斯。美方投入总兵力110,000人、登陆艇500艘、军舰400艘、飞机2,000架。战斗序列主要包括:海军特混舰队所属的第51、第53、第54、第58和第56特遣队;以及海军陆战队第5两栖军(V Amphibious Corps),该军辖制第3、第4、第5海军陆战师,兵力61,000人。
日军最高指挥官为陆军大将粟林忠道,投入总兵力23,000人、飞机30架、坦克23辆。其中陆军兵力13,586人、海军兵力7,347人,编制成小笠原兵团。战斗序列主要为:陆军第109师团、混成第2旅团;第27航空战队、海军乙航空队、硫磺岛警备队等。
在硫磺岛战役中,美军有6,821牺牲、21,865人负伤;日军除1,083人投降外,其余22,703人全部阵亡。美军最高指挥官霍兰.史密斯中将
美军攻占硫磺岛,相当于踢开了护卫日本帝国本土的最后一道屏障。并能将该岛建设成供战斗机起飞的机场,为B-29“超级空中堡垒”轰炸机护航,这大幅提升了对东京及其它日本军事、工业重镇展开战略轰炸的有效性。硫磺岛战役不仅因为美军浴血奋战和日军负隅顽抗,使之不亚于二战中的任何一场苦战;还因为美联社战地记者乔.罗森塔尔捕捉的一副表现6名美国海军陆战队士兵在折钵山上竖起星条旗的经典照片,而彪炳史册。美军插旗照
这张广为流传的照片是于1945年2月23日(为时35天的硫磺岛战役的第5天)拍下的,照片中出现的6人,有3人不久即阵亡,其他3人随后被安排返美巡回演讲,号召民众踊跃购买军券。它是唯一一张当年拍摄当年就夺得普利策摄影奖的照片,更成为第二次世界大战中美军英勇作战的象征。日军最高指挥官粟林忠道
战役背景
硫磺岛是日本南方距离东京1080公里的火山岛,呈东北、西南走向,长8公里,北部最宽处为4公里,东南部最窄只有800米。地理上隶属小笠原群岛的一部分,往南1,130公里是关岛。岛上大部分由松软的火山灰土壤构成,保水性不佳,饮用水主要靠收集雨水为主;战争爆发前约有1千人左右的平民在岛上以采掘硫磺或种植甘蔗为业。
1941年12月7日珍珠港事件爆发时,小笠原群岛中只有父岛驻军;硫磺岛的战略地位在日美开战后才逐渐提高,日军驻该岛最早的原因为巩固前往南太平洋的空中航线,因此日本帝国海军派兵在岛上开设了机场。第一座机场(千鸟机场)位于折钵山东北方约2公里处,驻有20架军机和1500名官兵;另有电台、气象站等辅助设施。
1944年2月美军占领马绍尔群岛,并从11月开始使用B-29轰炸机由此地起飞对日本本土实施轰炸。同时,日本大本营高层也在仔细分析美军于1944年1月对加罗林群岛的楚克发动的毁灭性空中打击及攻取马绍尔后的战争态势。
迹象显示,美军将会进击至加罗林和马里亚纳群岛一线。为抵御美军行动,日本军方最高层决定加紧构建一个环形的所谓“绝对国防圈”。南北向的加罗林至马里亚纳为其中一道岛屿防线,两群岛更北部即硫磺岛,再往后便是日本本土了。1944年3月,由小畑英良中将指挥的第31军进驻该防线内。
硫磺岛及小笠原群岛由此成为日军阻止美军空袭和进攻帝国的最后一道防线。硫磺岛上的日军观察所常常能在第一时间向本土发出预警,致使美军的战略轰炸效果大打折扣。而且,驻屯硫磺岛的“零”式战斗机也是美军轰炸日本途中的一大威胁。在1944年12月,“零”式战机从硫磺岛出发突袭塞班岛的美军机场,击毁、击伤B-29轰炸机各11架和8架。太平洋夺岛作战中的美军
1944年8月美军占领关岛,同年12月20日登陆菲律宾莱特岛。在其后的莱特湾海战中,美国海军基本消灭了日本帝国海军联合舰队主力。此后,美军取消原本在1945年2月底3月初登陆菲律宾吕宋岛或台湾的作战计划,改为抢占硫磺岛后直接攻击冲绳和日本本土。
美军夺占硫磺岛主要基于以下考虑:消除日军对美军轰炸机的预警能力;根除驻硫磺岛上的日军战斗机,减少轰炸机经过这里时的损失;为轰炸日本本土后返航的受伤飞机提供临时着陆场;为航程较短的护航战斗机提供可靠基地;消灭驻硫磺岛的日军,为打开进攻日本本土的门户除掉后顾之忧。
从东京而言,在美军占领马绍尔群岛后,便着手加强硫磺岛上的军事力量。日军最初有5,000人,配备了13门火炮、200挺轻重机枪、4,551枝步枪、12架高射炮、30挺25毫米双管高射机炮。此外,防御工事里藏有120毫米口径的火炮。
1944年6月,硫磺岛上还驻有80架战斗机,但到7月仅剩下4架;美国海军舰队进抵硫磺岛目视范围海域内后,通过一次全面轰炸摧毁了岛上所有地面建筑物和仅存的4架飞机。但美军尚没有对丧失海空支持的硫磺岛展开攻击,而日方也仅剩地面部队能投入防御。
至1944年7月底,日军将非战斗人员全部撤出硫磺岛,并进一步加固完善了地下工事。
当地的特有火山灰和水泥混合后可制成质量上乘的混凝土,日军借此构造了许多异常坚固的地下工事。为防止守军被围困,每个工事都有多个出口,四通八达、通风良好,大的地下暗堡甚至能容纳300-400兵力。
日军还准备建成27,000米的地下通道,以连接所有地下工事,把主要火力集中到山脚,射程覆盖到滩头。到美军登陆时,已经完成了18,000米。
虽然受到美军舰艇拦截,日军仍然源源不断地向硫磺岛运送增援兵力。先从父岛调来5,000人、从塞班撤回2,700人也集中到硫磺岛,到8月,岛上兵力已达到12,700人。后来,又派遣1,233名海军工兵修建工事。8月10日,2, 216名海军全数抵达。到了1945年2月,岛上总兵力已经达到23,000人(包括陆海两军),食品储备足够坚持两个半月。
同时,日军抓紧向硫磺岛调送武器,尽管不少运输船只被美军击沉,但到1944年末,日军还是将361门75毫米(或更大)口径的火炮、12门320毫米口径的迫击炮、65门150毫米中型迫击炮和81毫米口径的轻型迫击炮、33门80毫米口径的海军炮(naval guns),94门75毫米(或更大)口径的高射炮、69门37毫米和47毫米口径的反坦克炮、200挺20-25毫米口径的高射机枪、70门火箭炮(携带从90公斤射程为2-3公里到250公斤射程为7公里以上的火箭弹)等装备成功抢运到岛上。
驻扎朝鲜釜山的第26战车联队的28辆坦克和600士兵也朝硫磺岛进发,中途虽遭美军潜艇USS Cobia(SS-245)的鱼雷袭击,但仍有22辆坦克到岸,并被安置到战略要点,半埋在土中,以防空袭。
在各方就绪后,日军最高指挥官栗林忠道中将吸取塞班岛日军在反登陆战3天内就损失3万人的教训,制定了在美军登陆时不暴露任何火力,而是等到美军进入内地500米时再发起反击,充分利用隐蔽工事集中所有火力近距离大量杀伤滩头的美军有生力量之战术。美军硫磺岛战役作战图
战役发起
早在1944年10月7日,美军为把硫磺岛变成轰炸日本本土的前进基地,已在设计攻岛作战方案,计划投入总兵力7万人。
12月13日,日军海军侦察机发现一支由170艘美军战舰组成的庞大舰队向硫磺岛驶来。
自1944年12月8日起,美军派出自马里亚纳起飞的B-24“解放者”轰炸机连续4天袭击硫磺岛,投掷了800吨炸弹;到年底几乎每天晚上美军都会对该岛狂轰滥炸,但只是击沉了几艘日军运输船,并没有对岛上地下工事造成严重伤害。
1945年1月2日,美军轰炸机群又轰炸了硫磺岛上的机场,日军迅速调集11辆卡车、2辆推土机和600人抢修;另派出2,000人去填弹坑,平均每个弹坑有50人填,仅用了12小时就修复机场。美军登陆
美军抢滩登陆
1945年2月15日,美军登陆部队向硫磺岛海域聚集。海军6艘老式战列舰加5艘巡洋舰在侦察机的校准下炮击岛上表面阵地,并派出12艘登陆艇佯动接近东海岸。因折钵山上的日军炮击,导致9艘失去移动能力,3艘重伤,但这也暴露了日军重炮位置,“内华达”号战列舰发射的重磅炮弹立刻摧毁了这些重炮。
2月16日,美军再次启动对硫磺岛连续3天的集中轰炸。
2月19日,02:00,美军发起登陆进攻,100架轰炸机先行轰炸。06:40,战列舰火力接着跟上;08:05,因战果不理想,120架B-29执行第二轮轰炸;08:25,至09:00海军舰炮持续炮击。此时,运送抢滩部队的登陆艇群故意在海面转圈航行,让守军无法知道登陆的确切时间;09:00,由海军陆战队第4、第5师组成的第一波3万人,开始登陆。但日军按照预先部署没有立即对登上滩头的美军发起打击;10:00,日军突然反击,美军第4海军陆战师第24、第25团死伤25%,第一波上岸的56辆坦克半数损失。
19日傍晚,美军已将折钵山包围,其余4万人也开始登陆。当晚,日军没有采用瓜达尔卡纳尔战役中的人海突击战术,而是小规模袭扰滩头的美军。
19日一天,美军阵亡548人,其中还有在二战中唯一同时获得荣誉勋章和海军十字勋章的传奇人物:第1海军陆战师的约翰.巴斯隆(John Basilone)军士长。他在硫磺岛战役爆发前不久才调往第5海军陆战师第27团1营C连任机枪小队长。另有1755人受伤。美军攻占折钵山
夺取折钵山
20日,美军留下海军陆战队第5师第28团进攻折钵山。其他3个团向元山方向突击,黄昏时占领千鸟机场,切断了折钵山同硫磺岛岛中央栗林中将指挥部的联系。
折钵山独立守备队由日军第312大队和速射炮第10大队组成。日军防守顽强寸土必争,美军则用火焰喷射器及手榴弹进攻地堡,折钵山独立守备队队长厚地兼彦大佐战死。
21日,作为美军战略后备队的第3海军陆战师登陆。日军32架飞机从千叶县香取基地起飞对美军展开敢死攻击。击伤美军航母“萨拉托加”号,击沉护航航母“俾斯麦海”号。美军当日阵亡644人,伤4,108人,失踪560人。
22日,因战斗减员严重,第3海军陆战师接替第4师继续进攻元山。折钵山方面的攻势还在山脚处于胶着状态。美军用火焰喷射器逐次消灭坑道中的日军,无法烧到的地方则用黄磷弹或者灌入汽油点燃熏烤。美军登上山顶插旗
23日早上10点15分,第5海军陆战师第28团第2营在苦战后终于登上折钵山,并插上了美国国旗。
23日12点15分,海军陆战队的战士们又努力换上了一面更大的星条旗,而这一幕恰好被随军记者乔.罗森塔尔拍到,这就是著名的《美军士兵在硫磺岛竖起国旗》照片。后来,这幅照片成为众多雕塑和绘画作品的原型,在华盛顿特区外的阿灵顿县依照这张照片做的雕塑,成了铭记美国海军陆战队二战经历的纪念碑。美军谢尔曼坦克用喷火器消灭日军
元山附近的战斗
24日至26日,美军占领折钵山后收紧兵力以每小时10米的速度向元山机场推进,日军战车26联队防守。26日黄昏美军占领元山机场,至此硫磺岛上日本守军死伤过半,所剩弹药仅为原来的1/3。
26日当天,美军工兵抢险修复千鸟机场可供侦察机起降。3月初,机场基本上完成修复。3月4日,一架轰炸东京后受伤的B-29在两军密集的炮火下首次着陆成功。
元山正面由千田少将率领的日军混成第2旅团防守,美军称其为“绞肉机”。3月5日,栗林中将把指挥部从硫磺岛中部撤往北部。
3月6日,美军第一架P-51“野马”战斗机在硫磺岛降落。
3月7日拂晓,美军发起突击切断了硫磺岛北部和东部的联系。美军逐一清剿日军地堡
在硫磺岛战役过程中,美军每一发现日军地堡入口随即灌入海水或倒入汽油点火,并使用手榴弹、火焰喷射器攻击,很多日本兵在地堡内因不堪折磨便用手榴弹相互自杀。
日军在硫磺岛誓死抵抗,但始终无法获得任何外部支援,最后败局已定。粟林忠道中将命令步兵第145联队长池田大佐烧毁军旗,并于3月16日向东京大本营发出以下诀别电:“面对数量和质素占优的陆海空攻击,卑职已尽全力,然现在险要尽落敌手,卑职万分抱歉。”
3月17日,美军功抵硫磺岛最北端的北之鼻。同日,东京大本营晋升栗林为陆军大将并发出最后一次命令。
3月26日,栗林大将、市丸少将率领剩余的数百名残兵向美军航空兵营地作了最后一次反击(“万岁冲锋”),造成美军53人死亡,119人受伤。但是,硫磺岛上日军已全军覆灭而且再也没有能力组织起抵抗。因栗林大将在冲锋前扯去了军衔章,无法确认尸体。美军还从市丸少的尸体上发现了他写给罗斯福总统的遗书。苦战中的美军
攻占硫磺岛
1945年3月15日,美军宣布硫磺岛之战胜利。
3月21日,东京大本营发布硫磺岛日军玉碎的报告:“战局已经到了最后的关头,17日午夜最高指挥官胸怀必胜的信念和对皇国安泰的祝福率领全军向敌人发起冲锋,随后音讯皆无,硫磺岛守备部队的玉碎壮举,必将成为一亿国民的典范。”
在硫磺岛战役中,日本守军有22,703人战死。美军伤亡总数达26,000人,其中战死6,821人。美日双方都承受了很大伤亡,零散日军仍拼死抵抗,直到3月26日,美军才完全控制硫磺岛。
因为此役,美国海军陆战队有27名官兵获得荣誉勋章,超过了该军种在整个第二次世界大战中获得荣誉勋章总数的1/4。美国海军五星上将、太平洋舰队总司令切斯特.尼米兹感慨的说:“对于在硫磺岛作战的人来说,不寻常的勇气是普遍的美德。”硫磺岛战役纪念碑
硫磺岛战役对太平洋战争的影响
美军攻占硫磺岛后,因该岛重要的地理位置,对此后的战局产生了巨大影响。
美军轰炸机群在护航战斗机掩护下,可以在中低空轰炸日本本土的城市,大大提高了攻击准确性。夺取硫磺岛之后,美军迅速组织了东京大轰炸(3月10日),名古屋大空袭(3月12日)和大阪大空袭(3月13日)。
至日本投降,共有2251架受伤的B-29在硫磺岛降落。有美国二战战史学家评论称:“美军以牺牲6,800人,伤2万2千人的代价拯救了约2万5千名B-29机组成员的性命,光这一点也是相当伟大的胜利。此外,美军在硫磺岛战役中的巨大伤亡,也间接促成了美军最终向日本投掷原子弹的决定。”